The following text is an abridged version of part of the Brazilian Portuguese-to-English translation of "O Tupi na Geographia Nacional" by Theodoro Sampaio (1901) I am working on.

caramurú | nickname of Diogo Alvares between the Bahian Tupinambás. The first historians or chroniclers gave it the meaning: Dragon that came from the sea; or Man of fire. If this barbaric nickname is not adulterated, it is the same Tupi word as the Moray eel, a type of sea snake (Lepidosiren paradoxa). However, if it is corrupted, it can be a compound of caray-murú, The wet white man, figuratively The castaway, the white man that was abandoned. See caray, carahyba.

itatiaia | c. | itá-tiãi, Sharp rocks, or with raised spikes. Itá, Stone, rock, crag; tiãi = ti-ãi, Point that stands up, and also tooth, hook, carving. Therefore, ita-tiãi means Stone or rock that stands up in points, or that stands up carved or in teeth. For those who know the peaks of Itatiaia, the so-called Agulhas Negras (Black Needles), some 3000 meters above sea level, a culminating point of the Brazilian orographic system, the Tupi denomination could not be more true in expressing the most striking feature of those inaccessible rocky outcrops, so much so that André Rebouças called them the "Dolmens of Ayúruoca". Carl von Martius translated itatiaia as if it were itá-hy-aia, which in Latin, was made into Saxo aqua salubris, or, Healthy rock water, first applying this name to some river that flows from there instead of the mountain itself. Baptista Caetano wrote Itatiaya and translated it as Raised stone crest. General Couto de Magalhães decomposed it as itá-ti-aya and interpreted it as Rock of the healthy flowing waters. Barbosa Rodrigues, consulted by Horácio de Carvalho, wrote Itatiaya, composed of itá-ty-ái, which literally meant Rock that multiplies itself, or synthetically, or crag that makes itself. Even then, the word admits another interpretation: itá-tyáya, The sweat of the rock, or stone that sweats. | Found in Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro.

jacarandá | corruption of y-acã-ratã, The one with the hard head, or a rigid, hard center. Baptista Caetano (Machacrium).